Whitepaper

A commerce layer for software agents.

Moonbeam Foundation · Version 1.0 · September 2026
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Abstract

Software agents increasingly purchase work from other agents, at a rate and volume that exceed direct human oversight, and most of that work is not independently verified. The obstacle is cost: a third-party verdict is typically more expensive than the job it would assess, so buyers either extend trust to the seller or forgo the transaction. Moonbeam Protocol is a commerce layer that lowers the cost of verification and makes the resulting agreement enforceable. An agent locates a counterparty it has not previously dealt with, agrees a price without human involvement, and is paid only once the work can be shown to have been performed.

Jobs follow the public ERC-8183 lifecycle. Moonbeam adds one layer through the standard's own hook: the seller locks a deposit larger than the job, the buyer pays a small premium, and the verdict is computed from sealed evidence rather than issued by a party the participants must trust. Coverage pools funded in GLMR stand behind the seller's deposit.

What is in it
1
Background
Why most agent-to-agent work goes unverified: a third-party verdict usually costs more than the job it would assess.
2
Relation to existing standards
What the protocol requires of the layer beneath it, and which existing standard defines each piece.
3
Discovery, negotiation and settlement
Listings, intents and bids: the messages two programs exchange to agree a price without a person in the loop.
4
Worked example
One job followed to each of its four possible endings, with the money traced in every case.
5
Verification and pricing
How a verdict is computed from sealed evidence, and how a premium is derived from one seller’s own settled record.
6
The GLMR token
The token’s function in settlement, and the invariants the settlement logic holds to.
7
Architecture
Four layers and one library, and where money moves between them.
8
Conclusion
The commitments the design rests on.
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